1. In the stage of shedding and cutting, this constant pressure honing starts with rough hole wall, small contact area between oilstone and hole wall, high contact pressure, and the protruding part of the hole wall is quickly ground away. However, due to the high contact pressure on the surface of the whetstone and the abrasion of the whetstone binder by the chips, the bonding strength between the abrasive particles and the binder decreases, so some abrasive particles fall off by themselves under the action of the cutting pressure, and the surface of the whetstone is exposed. Abrasive particles, this is the self-sharpening of the oil stone.
2. In the crushing and cutting stage, with the progress of honing, the surface of the hole becomes brighter and brighter, the contact area with the oil stone becomes larger and larger, the contact pressure per unit area decreases, and the cutting efficiency decreases. At the same time, the chips cut off are small and fine, and these chips wear little to the binder. Therefore, the whetstone abrasive grains fall off less, and the grinding is not performed by new abrasive grains, but by the tip of the abrasive grains. Therefore, the load on the tip of the abrasive grains is large, and the abrasive grains are easily broken and shattered to form a new cutting edge.
3. In the blocking and cutting stage, the contact area between the whetstone and the hole surface becomes larger and larger when the honing is continued, and the fine chips accumulated between the whetstone and the hole wall are not easy to be removed, causing the whetstone to be blocked and become smooth. Therefore, the cutting ability of oilstone is low, which is equivalent to polishing. If honing is continued, when the whetstone is seriously blocked and the cohesive blockage occurs, the whetstone completely loses its cutting ability and generates serious heat, and the accuracy and surface roughness of the hole will be affected. At this point, honing should be terminated as soon as possible.
